using a database or rdbms imports, scp (ssh copy), curl, wget, tar, etc. This list goes on and on
Assuming you're in a linux os, have a webserver installed and serving, dev environment setup, then we can talk about how you might approach moving 100's or 1000's of files to and from with no GUI. Without a GUI, you'll need to use the command line to mkdir, cd new_dir, then you might cp source into current dir.
If there is an archive online somewhere then use curl or wget.
For importing large amounts of text data like csv, json, sql. then import a file with sqlite3.